Synopsys_SVA_OVL检查库应用指南.pdf

简单的介绍了 Synopsys 的 SystemVerilog 检查库的使用，极其单元的语法和使用示例。

Synopsys SVA 检查库应用指南

lu.hongbo

1 SystemVerilog断言(SVA)检查器库...................................................................................... 11
1.1 概览......................................................................................................................... 11
1.2 全局控制（Global Controls）............................................................................... 12
1.3 检查器触发条件..................................................................................................... 13
1.4 带有VMM报告性质的检查器............................................................................. 14
1.5 定制报告................................................................................................................. 14
1.6 共享语法................................................................................................................. 15
1.6.1 severity_level .................................................................................................. 15
1.6.2 options ............................................................................................................. 15
1.6.3 property_type .................................................................................................. 15
1.6.4 msg .................................................................................................................. 15
1.6.5 category ........................................................................................................... 15
1.6.6 coverage_level_i ............................................................................................. 16
1.6.7 inst_name ........................................................................................................ 16
1.6.8 clk .................................................................................................................... 17
1.6.9 reset_n ............................................................................................................. 17
1.7 使用覆盖率等级来报告检查器的结果................................................................. 17
1.7.1 生成报告......................................................................................................... 17
1.7.2 查看结果......................................................................................................... 18
1.7.2.1 指示盘............................................................................................. 18
1.7.2.2 查看覆盖等级Level 1和Level 3结果......................................... 19
1.7.2.3 查看Level 2覆盖率结果............................................................... 19
1.8 用于SVA CG检查器库的参数检查..................................................................... 20
1.8.1 使用模型......................................................................................................... 21
1.9 使用SystemVerilog中的模式............................................................................... 22
1.9.1 SystemVerilog的整体设计目标.................................................................... 22
1.9.2 一些被限制成Verilog2001的设计文件....................................................... 23
1.9.3 SVA确认其库使能VMM信息服务............................................................ 23
1.9.4 建议使用模式................................................................................................. 24
2 SVA基本检查器.................................................................................................................... 25
2.1 检查器列表............................................................................................................. 25
2.2 检查器描述............................................................................................................. 26
2.2.1 assert_always................................................................................................... 26
2.2.1.1 语法................................................................................................. 26
2.2.1.2 参数................................................................................................. 26
2.2.1.3 覆盖率模式..................................................................................... 27
2.2.1.4 例..................................................................................................... 27
2.2.1.5 基于名称的示例............................................................................. 28
2.2.2 assert_always_on_edge ................................................................................... 28
2.2.2.1 语法................................................................................................. 28
2.2.2.2 参数................................................................................................. 28
2.2.2.3 覆盖率模式..................................................................................... 29

2.2.2.4	例..................................................................................................... 29
2.2.2.5	基于名称的示例............................................................................. 30
2.2.3 assert	_change .................................................................................................. 31
2.2.3.1	语法................................................................................................. 31
2.2.3.2	参数................................................................................................. 31
2.2.3.3	覆盖率模式..................................................................................... 32
2.2.3.4	例..................................................................................................... 33
2.2.3.5	基于名称的示例............................................................................. 34
2.2.4 assert	_cycle_sequence ..................................................................................... 35
2.2.4.1	语法................................................................................................. 35
2.2.4.2	参数................................................................................................. 35
2.2.4.3	覆盖率模式..................................................................................... 36
2.2.4.4	例..................................................................................................... 36
2.2.4.5	基于名称的示例............................................................................. 38
2.2.5 assert	_decrement ............................................................................................. 38
2.2.5.1	语法................................................................................................. 38
2.2.5.2	参数................................................................................................. 39
2.2.5.3	覆盖率模式..................................................................................... 39
2.2.5.4	例..................................................................................................... 39
2.2.5.5	基于名称的示例............................................................................. 40
2.2.6 assert	_delta ...................................................................................................... 41
2.2.6.1	语法................................................................................................. 41
2.2.6.2	参数................................................................................................. 41
2.2.6.3	覆盖率模式..................................................................................... 42
2.2.6.4	例..................................................................................................... 42
2.2.6.5	基于名称的示例............................................................................. 43
2.2.7 assert	_even_parity ........................................................................................... 44
2.2.7.1	语法................................................................................................. 44
2.2.7.2	参数................................................................................................. 44
2.2.7.3	覆盖率模式..................................................................................... 44
2.2.7.4	例..................................................................................................... 44
2.2.7.5	基于名称的示例............................................................................. 46
2.2.8 assert	_fifo_index ............................................................................................. 46
2.2.8.1	语法................................................................................................. 46
2.2.8.2	参数................................................................................................. 46
2.2.8.3	覆盖率模式..................................................................................... 47
2.2.8.4	例..................................................................................................... 48
2.2.8.5	基于名称的示例............................................................................. 50
2.2.9 assert	_frame .................................................................................................... 50
2.2.9.1	语法................................................................................................. 50
2.2.9.2	参数................................................................................................. 50
2.2.9.3	覆盖率模式..................................................................................... 51
2.2.9.4	例..................................................................................................... 52
2.2.9.5	基于名称的示例............................................................................. 53

2.2.10 assert_	handshake ............................................................................................. 54
2.2.10.1	语法................................................................................................. 54
2.2.10.2	参数................................................................................................. 54
2.2.10.3	覆盖率模式..................................................................................... 55
2.2.10.4	例..................................................................................................... 56
2.2.10.5	基于名称的示例............................................................................. 58
2.2.11 assert_	implication ........................................................................................... 58
2.2.11.1	语法................................................................................................. 58
2.2.11.2	参数................................................................................................. 58
2.2.11.3	覆盖率模式..................................................................................... 59
2.2.11.4	例..................................................................................................... 59
2.2.11.5	基于名称的示例............................................................................. 60
2.2.12 assert_	increment .............................................................................................. 61
2.2.12.1	语法................................................................................................. 61
2.2.12.2	参数................................................................................................. 61
2.2.12.3	覆盖率模式..................................................................................... 61
2.2.12.4	例..................................................................................................... 62
2.2.12.5	基于名称的示例............................................................................. 63
2.2.13 assert_	never ..................................................................................................... 63
2.2.13.1	语法................................................................................................. 63
2.2.13.2	参数................................................................................................. 64
2.2.13.3	例..................................................................................................... 64
2.2.13.4	基于名称的示例............................................................................. 65
2.2.14 assert_	next ....................................................................................................... 65
2.2.14.1	语法................................................................................................. 65
2.2.14.2	参数................................................................................................. 66
2.2.14.3	覆盖率模式..................................................................................... 66
2.2.14.4	例..................................................................................................... 67
2.2.14.5	基于名称的示例............................................................................. 68
2.2.15 assert_	no_overflow ......................................................................................... 68
2.2.15.1	语法................................................................................................. 69
2.2.15.2	参数................................................................................................. 69
2.2.15.3	覆盖率模式..................................................................................... 69
2.2.15.4	例..................................................................................................... 70
2.2.15.5	基于名称的示例............................................................................. 72
2.2.16 assert_	no_transition ......................................................................................... 72
2.2.16.1	语法................................................................................................. 72
2.2.16.2	参数................................................................................................. 72
2.2.16.3	覆盖率模型..................................................................................... 73
2.2.16.4	例..................................................................................................... 73
2.2.16.5	基于名称的示例............................................................................. 74
2.2.17 assert_	no_underflow ....................................................................................... 75
2.2.17.1	语法................................................................................................. 75
2.2.17.2	参数................................................................................................. 75

2.2.17.3	覆盖率式......................................................................................... 76
2.2.17.4	例..................................................................................................... 76
2.2.17.5	基于名称的示例............................................................................. 78
2.2.18 assert_	odd_parity ............................................................................................ 78
2.2.18.1	语法................................................................................................. 78
2.2.18.2	参数................................................................................................. 79
2.2.18.3	覆盖率模式..................................................................................... 79
2.2.18.4	例..................................................................................................... 79
2.2.18.5	基于名称的示例............................................................................. 80
2.2.19 assert_	one_cold ............................................................................................... 80
2.2.19.1	语法................................................................................................. 81
2.2.19.2	参数................................................................................................. 81
2.2.19.3	覆盖率模式..................................................................................... 81
2.2.19.4	例..................................................................................................... 82
2.2.19.5	基于名称的示例............................................................................. 83
2.2.20 assert_	one_hot ................................................................................................. 83
2.2.20.1	语法................................................................................................. 84
2.2.20.2	参数................................................................................................. 84
2.2.20.3	覆盖率模式..................................................................................... 84
2.2.20.4	例..................................................................................................... 84
2.2.20.5	基于名称的示例............................................................................. 85
2.2.21 assert_	proposition ........................................................................................... 86
2.2.21.1	语法................................................................................................. 86
2.2.21.2	参数................................................................................................. 86
2.2.21.3	例..................................................................................................... 86
2.2.21.4	基于名称的示例............................................................................. 87
2.2.22 assert_	quiescent_state ..................................................................................... 88
2.2.22.1	语法................................................................................................. 88
2.2.22.2	参数................................................................................................. 88
2.2.22.3	覆盖率模式..................................................................................... 89
2.2.22.4	例..................................................................................................... 89
2.2.22.5	基于名称的示例............................................................................. 90
2.2.23 assert_	range ..................................................................................................... 90
2.2.23.1	语法................................................................................................. 91
2.2.23.2	参数................................................................................................. 91
2.2.23.3	覆盖率模式..................................................................................... 91
2.2.23.4	例..................................................................................................... 92
2.2.23.5	基于名称的示例............................................................................. 93
2.2.24 assert_	time ...................................................................................................... 94
2.2.24.1	语法................................................................................................. 94
2.2.24.2	参数................................................................................................. 94
2.2.24.3	覆盖率模式..................................................................................... 95
2.2.24.4	例..................................................................................................... 95
2.2.24.5	基于名称的示例............................................................................. 97

2.2.25 assert_	transition............................................................................................... 97
2.2.25.1	语法................................................................................................. 97
2.2.25.2	参数................................................................................................. 97
2.2.25.3	覆盖率模式..................................................................................... 98
2.2.25.4	基于名称的示例............................................................................. 99
2.2.26 assert_	unchange ............................................................................................ 100
2.2.26.1	语法............................................................................................... 100
2.2.26.2	参数............................................................................................... 100
2.2.26.3	覆盖率模式................................................................................... 101
2.2.26.4	例................................................................................................... 101
2.2.26.5	基于名称的示例........................................................................... 103
2.2.27 assert_	width................................................................................................... 103
2.2.27.1	语法............................................................................................... 103
2.2.27.2	参数............................................................................................... 103
2.2.27.3	覆盖率模式................................................................................... 104
2.2.27.4	例................................................................................................... 104
2.2.27.5	基于名称的示例........................................................................... 106
2.2.28 assert_	win_change ........................................................................................ 106
2.2.28.1	语法............................................................................................... 106
2.2.28.2	参数............................................................................................... 106
2.2.28.3	覆盖率模式................................................................................... 107
2.2.28.4	例................................................................................................... 107
2.2.28.5	基于名称的示例：....................................................................... 109
2.2.29 assert_	win_unchange .................................................................................... 109
2.2.29.1	语法............................................................................................... 109
2.2.29.2	参数............................................................................................... 109
2.2.29.3	覆盖率模式................................................................................... 110
2.2.30 assert_	window ............................................................................................... 110
2.2.30.1	语法............................................................................................... 111
2.2.30.2	参数............................................................................................... 111
2.2.30.3	覆盖率模型................................................................................... 111
2.2.30.4	例................................................................................................... 112
2.2.30.5	基于名称的示例........................................................................... 113
2.2.31 assert_	zero_one_hot ...................................................................................... 114
2.2.31.1	语法............................................................................................... 114
2.2.31.2	参数............................................................................................... 114
2.2.31.3	覆盖率模式................................................................................... 114
2.2.31.4	例................................................................................................... 115
2.2.31.5	基于名称的示例........................................................................... 116
3 SVA高级检查器......	............................................................................................................ 117
3.1 检查器描述	........................................................................................................... 117
3.2 共享语法...	............................................................................................................ 117
3.3 检查器列表	........................................................................................................... 117
3.3.1 assert_	arbiter ................................................................................................. 118

3.3.1.1 语法............................................................................................... 118
3.3.2 assert_bits ...................................................................................................... 119
3.3.2.1 语法............................................................................................... 119
3.3.3 assert_code_distance ..................................................................................... 119
3.3.3.1 语法............................................................................................... 119
3.3.4 assert_data_used ............................................................................................ 119
3.3.4.1 语法............................................................................................... 120
3.3.5 assert_driven ................................................................................................. 120
3.3.5.1 语法............................................................................................... 120
3.3.6 assert_dual_clk_fifo ...................................................................................... 120
3.3.6.1 语法............................................................................................... 120
3.3.7 assert_fifo ...................................................................................................... 121
3.3.7.1 语法............................................................................................... 121
3.3.8 assert_hold_value .......................................................................................... 121
3.3.8.1 语法............................................................................................... 121
3.3.9 assert_memory_async ................................................................................... 121
3.3.9.1 语法............................................................................................... 122
3.3.10 assert_memory_sync ..................................................................................... 122
3.3.10.1 语法............................................................................................... 122
3.3.11 assert_multiport_fifo ..................................................................................... 122
3.3.11.1 语法............................................................................................... 122
3.3.12 assert_mutex .................................................................................................. 123
3.3.12.1 语法............................................................................................... 123
3.3.13 assert_next_state ........................................................................................... 123
3.3.13.1 语法............................................................................................... 123
3.3.14 assert_no_contention ..................................................................................... 124
3.3.14.1 语法............................................................................................... 124
3.3.15 assert_packet_flow ........................................................................................ 124
3.3.15.1 语法............................................................................................... 124
3.3.16 assert_rate ...................................................................................................... 125
3.3.16.1 语法............................................................................................... 125
3.3.17 assert_reg_loaded .......................................................................................... 125
3.3.17.1 语法............................................................................................... 125
3.3.18 assert_req_ack_unique .................................................................................. 125
3.3.18.1 语法............................................................................................... 125
3.3.19 assert_req_requires ........................................................................................ 126
3.3.19.1 语法............................................................................................... 126
3.3.20 assert_stack ................................................................................................... 126
3.3.20.1 语法............................................................................................... 126
3.3.21 assert_valid_id............................................................................................... 127
3.3.21.1 语法............................................................................................... 127
3.3.22 assert_value ................................................................................................... 127
3.3.22.1 语法............................................................................................... 127
附录A ........................................................................................................................................... 128

A.1什么是断言................................................................................................................... 128
A.2为什么使用SystemVerilog断言(SVA) ...................................................................... 128
A.3 SystemVerilog的调度................................................................................................... 130
A.4 SVA术语....................................................................................................................... 131
A.4.1并发断言............................................................................................................ 131
A.4.2即时断言............................................................................................................ 132
A.5建立SVA块................................................................................................................ 133
A.6一个简单的序列................................................................................................... 134
A.7边沿定义的序列........................................................................................................... 135
A.8逻辑关系的序列........................................................................................................... 137
A.9序列表达式................................................................................................................... 138
A.10时序关系的序列......................................................................................................... 139
A.11 SVA中的时钟定义..................................................................................................... 140
A.12禁止属性..................................................................................................................... 142
A.13一个简单的执行块..................................................................................................... 144
A.14蕴含操作符................................................................................................................. 145
A.14.1交叠蕴含.......................................................................................................... 145
A.14.2非交叠蕴含...................................................................................................... 146
A.14.3后续算子带固定延迟的蕴含.......................................................................... 148
A.14.4使用序列作为先行算子的蕴含...................................................................... 149
A.15 SVA检验器的时序窗口............................................................................................. 150
A.15.1重叠的时序窗口.............................................................................................. 152
A.15.2无限的时序窗口.............................................................................................. 153
A.16 ―ended‖结构................................................................................................................. 155
A.17使用参数的SVA检验器........................................................................................... 158
A.18使用选择运算符的SVA检验器............................................................................... 159
A.19使用true表达式的SVA检验器............................................................................... 161
A.20 ―$past‖构造.................................................................................................................. 163
A.21重复运算符................................................................................................................. 165
A.21.1连续重复运算符[*] ......................................................................................... 167
A.21.2用于序列的连续重复运算符[*] ..................................................................... 168
A.21.3用于带延迟窗口的序列的连续重复运算符[*] ............................................. 169
A.21.4连续运算符[*]和可能性运算符..................................................................... 171
A.21.5跟随重复运算符[->] ........................................................................................ 172
A.21.6非连续重复运算符[=] ..................................................................................... 174
A.22 ―and‖构造.................................................................................................................... 175
A.23 ―intersect‖构造............................................................................................................. 177
A.24 ―or‖构造....................................................................................................................... 180
A.25 ―first_match‖构造........................................................................................................ 182
A.29 ―throughout‖构造......................................................................................................... 183
A.27 ―within‖构造................................................................................................................ 185
A.28内建的系统函数......................................................................................................... 187
A.29 ―disable iff‖构造.......................................................................................................... 188
A.30使用―intersect‖控制序列的长度................................................................................ 190

A.31在属性中使用形参..................................................................................................... 192
A.32嵌套的蕴含................................................................................................................. 194
A.33在蕴含中使用if/else .................................................................................................. 195
A.34 SVA中的多时钟定义................................................................................................. 197
A.35 ―matched‖构造............................................................................................................. 199
A.36 ―expect‖构造................................................................................................................ 201
A.37使用局部变量的SVA ................................................................................................ 202
A.38在序列匹配时调用子程序......................................................................................... 205
A.39将SVA与设计连接................................................................................................... 207
A.40 SVA与功能覆盖......................................................................................................... 209

修订记录

V1.0 ……………………………………………………………………….Initial

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Synopsys SVA 检查库 应用指南

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Synopsys SVA 检查库应用指南