phoneticsandphonology大学英语语言学课件大学二年级必用！！！.pdf

1. Which of the following is not a design featur of human language?
   A. Arbitrariness B. Displacement
   C. Duality D. Meaningfulness

2. A historical study of language is a study of language.

A.SynchronicVVB.diachronic COM C. prescriptive D. comparative

3. Language can be used to refer to conte removed from the immediate situations of the speaker. This feature is called

A. Displacement B. duality C. flexibility D. cultural transmission

4. According to F. de Saussure, refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community.

A. parole B. performance

ngue D. Language

PHONETICS

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The phonic medium of language

Speech and writing are the two major media of linguistic communication.

. The natural or primary medium of human language is sound.

. The linguist is not interested in all sounds, but in speech sounds.m

. The limited range of sounds are the phonic medium of language.

What is phonetics?

Speech

Production

Speech perception

(speakerA)N.docin.C(speaker B)

Definition of phonetics

· the study of the phonic medium of language.

the science which studies the characteristics of human sounds and provides methods for their description classification and transcription.

Scope of phonetics

★Articulatory phonetics: the study of the production of speech sounds.

★Auditory phonetics: the study of the perception of speech sounds.

★Acoustic phonetics: the study of the physical properties the sounds produced in speech.

Three branches of phonetics

Articulatory phonetics----from the speakers' point of view, "how speakers produce speech sounds"

Auditory phonetics----from the hearers' point of view, "how sounds are perceived"

Acoustic phonetics----from the physical way or means by which sounds are transmitted from one to another.

Nasal Cavity (鼻腔)

Oral Cavity（口腔）

Pharyn×(咽)

Larynx: vocal folds in it (喉)

the windpipe (气管)

Lung: supply airstream (肺)

The Organs of Speech