第八章

炔烃和二烯烃

Organic Chemistry A (1) By Prof. Li Yan-Mei Tsinghua University

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Part I

Alkynes

Con ten t
isomerization & nomenclature properties & spectrum data reactions on your own) application (Learn on your own)
8.1Structure, Physical8.2 Chemical8.3 Preparation (Learn8.4 8.5Resource &

8.1 Structure, isomerization & nomenclature

Alkynes (Learn on your own)
Structure of8.1.1 8.1.2Isomerization 8.1.3Nomenclature

8.1.1 Structure of Alkynes

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Formation of a triple bond

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8.1.2 Isomerization (Learn on your own) 8.1.3 Nomenclature

既含双键，又含三键的结构 选主链：含有双键和叁键的最长链 编 号：使双键、叁键具有最低的编号 如果位号有选择，则优先照顾双键 CH3CH=CHC≡CH 3- 戊烯 -1- 炔 书 写：先烯后炔 CH3CH ≡CCH=CH2 1- 戊烯 -3- 炔 HC ≡CCH2CH=CH2 1- 戊烯 -4- 炔

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8.2.1 Physical properties

1、炔烃分子短小、细长，在液态及固态中彼此 很靠近，分子间作用力强。 熔点、沸点和密度较大 短小 键长 : C-C 0.154 nm C=C 0.134 nm C≡C 0.120 nm 细长 C≡C 直线型

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